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One way to realize just how long its been since the Chicago Cubs last reached the World Series is to look at how much the game has changed since then, on and off the field.The Cubs are making their first appearance since 1945 and chasing their first title since 1908.Some of the ways the game has changed since the Cubs lost Game 7 to the Detroit Tigers some 71 years ago:INTEGRATION: Jackie Robinson became the first black player to reach the major leagues in 1947, two years after the Cubs last World Series appearance. Baseball has turned into a virtual melting pot in the seven decades since. The Cubs roster includes players from Cuba (reliever Aroldis Chapman and outfielder Jorge Soler), along with Venezuela, the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico, as well as the United States.EXPANSION: There were 16 teams in the majors in 1945, including two in St. Louis, Boston, Philadelphia and Chicago, and three in New York. The total is up to 30 now.GO WEST: There were no major league franchises west of St. Louis in 1945. The Brooklyn Dodgers moved to Los Angeles and the New York Giants headed to San Francisco in 1958. In 1969, the Seattle Pilots showed up -- they went 64-98 in their first year, then became the Milwaukee Brewers.DIVISIONAL PLAY: There were no divisions in 1945, just eight teams in both the American League and National League. They split into East and West divisions in 1969. Then a Central was created in 1994, with the Cubs shifting from the NL East to the NL Central.PLAYOFFS PLUS: Extra teams and divisions resulted in expanded playoffs. The League Championship Series began in 1969, the Division Series started in 1995 and a one-game wild-card playoff came in 2012. A longer postseason pushed the World Series deep into October and beyond. If the Cubs and Cleveland go the distance this year, Game 7 would be on Nov. 2.FREE AGENCY: When Phil Cavarretta and Peanuts Lowrey helped lead the Cubs to the 1945 Series, they were bound to the team until they were traded or released. Curt Flood tested baseballs reserve clause in the early 1970s and took his case to the U.S. Supreme Court, helping pave the way for players to move around as free agents. Jon Lester, John Lackey and Ben Zobrist are among the players the Cubs acquired this way.DESIGNATED HITTER: The designated hitter joined the American League lineup in 1973. The DH debate is still hot, with the leagues playing by different rules. When this years World Series opens at the AL park, both teams will use the DH; when the Cubs host, the pitchers will hit.LIGHTS AT WRIGLEY: The Cubs were the last team in the majors to play only day games. That changed when lights were installed at Wrigley Field in 1988. The games there have always been played outdoors on green grass, never under a dome or on artificial turf, trends that became popular starting with the Astrodome in the mid-1960s. Nike Air Max 90 White Australia . Irving scored 23 points, Tristan Thompson had 20 points and 10 rebounds and the Cavaliers beat the Denver Nuggets 117-109 on Friday night. Nike Off White Air Force 1 Australia .C. -- Glenn Howard needed an extra end to move into the Masters Grand Slam of Curling final. http://www.salenikeshoesaustralia.com/vans-clearance/old-skool-cheap.html ., for the next three years with the signings on Monday of Daryl Townsend and Michael Carter. Vapormax Flyknit Australia . It was just business as usual for the Thunder at home. Durant scored 32 points and the Thunder beat the Bulls 107-95 on Thursday night for their eighth straight win. Air Max 270 Mens Sale Australia . Brazilian national coach Luiz Felipe Scolari has confirmed that the veteran goalkeeper is set to join Toronto on loan, saying it will help him be ready for the World Cup. MOSCOW -- Javier Fernandez of Spain reeled off three quads in the free skate to streak from a distant second to the gold medal in the Rostelecom Cup on Saturday.The world figure skating champion trailed Japans Shoma Uno by seven points after the short program, but ended the third of six grand prix preliminaries seven points in front. Skating to Elvis Presley songs, Fernandez opened with a quad toeloop and followed with a quad salchow-double toe; another quad salchow came in the second half of the program.Uno started with a quad flip -- hes the only skater to land one in international competition. He tried for two more quads, but fell on the third attempt. He also did only one combination of jumps -- a triple-single-triple that earned a bonus for coming very late, at the four-minute mark.Israels Alexei Bychenko won bronze, his first grand prix medal.Anna Pogorilaya won the womens gold with clean jumps and assured footwork, and Elena Radionova was second. But their Russian compatriot Julia Lipnitskaia interrupted her free skate because of injury.The Olympic champion, who withdrew from Skate America two weeks ago because of injury, was in third place after the short program. After a strong start, she singled a jump and then stopped too consult with trainer Alexei Urmanov and the judges; after several minutes she resumed skating, but fell hard on a triple axel.dddddddddddd Details of her injury were not immediately known.American Courtney Hicks won the bronze.Germanys Aliona Savchenko and Bruno Massot won the pairs with a free skate of highs and lows -- the opening triple twist soared and the lifts seemed effortless, but Savchenko stepped out of one throw and fell hard on the second.Natalia Zabiiako and Alexander Enbert of Russia earned their first grand prix medal, falling to second after leading on the first day. Compatriots Kristina Astakhova and Alexei Rogonovs took bronze, also their first medal.Russias Ekaterina Bobrova and Dmitri Soloviev won the ice dancing. Skating to music from Vivaldi and Chopin, their free dance was close to flawless and raised them to the top from third after the short dance.Americans Madison Chock and Evan Bates, who had been narrowly in front after the short dance, dropped to second, troubled by some small errors and Bates stepping out of a twizzle.Canadas Kaitlyn Weaver and Andrew Poje won the bronze. ' ' '